The fuel pump requires a filter because it and the entire fuel system are susceptible to contaminants that can both reduce efficiency and lead to premature failure. Fuel filters catch all the dirt, rust, and other debris that can eventually make its way into the fuel tank to prevent these contaminants from reaching the fuel pump. Particles less than 10 microns in diameter can flow into the fuel pump with no filter to block them, blocking internal components and hindering flow. A filthy filter can restrict fuel flow by up to 25%, making the pump work extra hard and increasing the odds that it overheats and wears out, dropping its lifespan up to 20%.
The filter is attached to the fuel system usually at the top or bottom of the tank, and its crucial function is to maintain constant fuel pressure, whichis typically 40–60 PSI on most vehicles. The clogged or malfunctioning filter creates a pressure drop, which in turn leads to the passage of less fuel to the engine, causing stalling, misfires, and reduced power. Higher performance vehicles which operate at higher pressures (even above 100 PSI) depend even more on proper filtration to ensure the flow of fuel dolly remains steady (pressure as well).
The filter will not only protect your pump but also keep straining out dirt so the sensitive components of your engine such as your fuel injectors stay clean and working. Injectors must be clear of dirt in order to maximize their abilities to atomize fuel, which is vital for combustion and fuel efficiency. Changing the filter once every 20,000-30,000 miles or so, lets the Fuel Pump work without stress and allows sending clean fuel to fuel injectors, aiding a smooth and proper combustion.
It also prevents corrosion on ethanol-blended fuels that can draw moisture and bring water into the system. Current day fuel filters are built to resist the chemical properties of ethanol, which ensures long-term upkeep of the Fuel Pump and lessens the emergence of corrosion. Proper filtration keeps the pump running, protects the engine and reduces the expensive repairs that arise from contamination.